Marsa Alam is more than a spot on the Red Sea coast, it’s a gateway to the unknown, where the deep blue ocean meets arid desert lands. This remote corner in Egypt’s deep south, still largely unspoiled and off the radar of mass tourism, offers in insight into both its marine life and a fascinating history. Its shores, which have crystal-clear waters and are dotted with coral reefs, remain true to their Bedouin roots, promising an authentic experience for those seeking to escape conventional tourist paths or explore the natural beauty of Wadi el Gemal National Park. With the recent expansion of its international airport, Marsa Alam is beginning to attract both seasoned divers and curious travellers looking to explore one of Egypt’s best-kept secrets.
History of the area: Marsa Alam, the forgotten port reborn with coral
Marsa Alam was originally a quiet fishing port and an enclave for the Bedouin communities that inhabited the eastern deserts of Egypt for centuries. However, its historical significance extends beyond its coastal location. During the Pharaonic and Roman periods, this area was crucial due to its proximity to the gold and emerald mines near Wadi el Gemal in the eastern desert. Caravans travelled across these arid landscapes, carrying precious stones and valuable metals to the flourishing civilisations along the Nile.
Despite its ancient importance, Marsa Alam fell into obscurity for centuries, and was known only to fishermen and small traders as an important place. It wasn’t until the 20th century, with the rise of tourism spurred by the discovery of its underwater treasures, that Marsa Alam began to reawaken. Today, Marsa Alam is no longer just a small port; it’s an emerging destination for divers from around the world, attracted by its proximity to legendary reefs like Elphinstone and the chance to encounter iconic species such as dugongs and hammerhead sharks. Despite this growth, Marsa Alam still has an authentic, relaxed vibe that sets it apart from more developed Red Sea destinations like Hurghada, making it an ideal retreat for those seeking tranquillity and pure nature.
What to see: a tranquil Egyptian port surrounded by nearly untouched desert land
Marsa Alam offers more than just beaches. The town is surrounded by breathtaking desert landscapes that invite visitors to explore. Highlights include Wadi el-Gemal National Park, located 45 kilometres south of the town. This vast protected area covers approximately 5,000 square kilometres, featuring several islands, a mangrove-lined coastline and a mountainous hinterland surrounding one of Egypt’s largest desert wadis. The park is home to impressive biodiversity, including dromedaries, gazelles, wild donkeys and migratory birds, along with reefs that are home to 450 species of coral and over 1,200 different types of fish. Visitors here can go hiking or explore traces of ancient civilisations that once inhabited the region, including prehistoric rock art and ruins from the Ptolemaic and Roman eras.
The town centre, despite lacking in major tourist attractions, has its own charm with a relaxed atmosphere that contrasts with the bustling energy of larger cities. Local markets offer handicrafts, spices and fresh produce, giving visitors a taste of everyday Egyptian life. Don’t miss the chance to enjoy an authentic Egyptian dinner at one of the local restaurants, where the taste of traditional dishes like koshari or falafel will leave you with unforgettable memories.
Scuba diving in Marsa Alam: dives in one of the world’s best shark reefs
Marsa Alam is an undisputed paradise for diving lovers. Far from the hustle and bustle of other Red Sea destinations, its waters contain underwater treasures seemingly frozen in time. What makes this place truly unique is its sense of exclusivity: here, the sea feels like it’s yours, and every dive is a chance to discover hidden secrets among pristine reefs and underwater walls that descend into unfathomable depths.
One of the main draws of Marsa Alam is the chance to see species rarely encountered elsewhere in the Red Sea. In its underwater meadows, divers have the unique opportunity to swim alongside the elusive dugong, an endangered marine mammal. What’s more, encounters with sea turtles, dolphins and hammerhead sharks are common, making every dive an unforgettable experience.
If there’s one place that puts Marsa Alam on the global diving map, it’s Elphinstone Reef. Known for its dizzying vertical walls that drop to over 100 metres, Elphinstone is a must for advanced divers seeking both adrenaline and encounters with large marine life. The reef is famous for its gatherings of oceanic whitetip sharks and hammerhead sharks that patrol its deep waters, offering close-up encounters that leave divers speechless.
This reef isn’t just spectacular for its marine life. The strong currents support fascinating ecosystems, featuring schools of napoleon wrasse, barracuda and majestic eagle rays. Diving at Elphinstone requires experience and confidence, but the rewards are unparalleled, with opportunities to explore underwater caverns and gorges filled with soft corals that seem to bloom in the ocean’s blue light.
Another of Marsa Alam’s renowned spots is Sha’ab Samadai, also known as the “House of Dolphins”. This crescent-shaped reef is home to a permanent colony of bottlenose dolphins. Dives at Samadai are especially popular for those who dream of swimming alongside these intelligent marine mammals in their natural habitat. Whether you are able to interact with the dolphins will depend on your luck and the conditions, but the chance to watch them gliding through the turquoise waters is sure to leave an everlasting mark on the memory of any diver.
Beaches and natural pools: relaxation and snorkelling in idyllic surroundings
The beaches of Marsa Alam are a paradise for those seeking tranquillity and natural beauty. Abu Dabbab Beach is one of the most popular ones, known for its fine white sand and shallow waters, making it perfect for snorkelling. Here, visitors can enjoy the company of sea turtles as they explore the colourful corals dotted along the seabed.
Another gem is Sharm el Luli Beach, celebrated for its stunning turquoise waters and serene atmosphere. This is a wonderful spot to relax, read a book in the sun or simply enjoy the sound of the waves. The natural pools formed in the reef areas are perfect for peaceful snorkelling, allowing you to observe marine life without needing to take a dive.
Sightseeing nearby: hiking in Wadi el-Gemal National Park and excursions to the temples of Luxor
Marsa Alam is an ideal starting point for exploring the nearby wonders. One of the most fascinating destinations, as mentioned above, is Wadi el-Gemal National Park, which is home to rich biodiversity, ancient archaeological sites and a stunning coastline. Visitors here can hike along well-marked trails, enjoy picnics in the desert and observe local wildlife in its natural habitat.
Another must see is the city of Luxor, famous for its rich archaeological heritage. Despite being several hours’ drive away, Luxor is home to some of ancient Egypt’s most awe-inspiring temples and tombs, including the Temple of Karnak and the Valley of the Kings. Day trips from Marsa Alam to Luxor are a popular choice and provide an unforgettable experience of Egypt’s history and culture.
