As one of the oldest cities in the Middle East, Muscat has something that the capitals of other Gulf monarchies lack. In addition to the luxuries found in Dubai or Doha, Muscat oozes personality, tradition and history. It’s no wonder, as the city has played host to the likes of the Persians, the Arabs, the Ottomans and the Portuguese. From the majestic Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque to the lively alleyways of the Muttrah Souk and the serene Corniche by the sea, to its traditional restaurants where you can sample Omani delicacies such as majboos, Muscat offers a unique experience that captivates travellers in search of authenticity and beauty.
History of Oman’s capital
With a history dating back over two millennia, Muscat has witnessed the influence of various cultures and civilisations over the centuries. As a strategic port on the maritime trade routes between Asia, Africa and Europe, the city has flourished as a centre of cultural and commercial exchange in the Persian Gulf region. After centuries of feuding between the Persian, Ottoman and Portuguese empires, the Omani Al Bu Sa’id dynasty took advantage of a power vacuum to seize control of Muscat in 1744, and has ruled Oman ever since. During the reign of Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said, beginning in 1970, Oman underwent a radical transformation. The sultan implemented modernisation and development policies, investing in infrastructure, education and health, which led the country to a period of unprecedented economic growth and political stability.
Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque
The Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque is an architectural masterpiece that reflects the devotion and grandeur of Oman. Built in honour of Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said, this impressive mosque is a tribute to his vision and leadership in modernising the country. Highlights include the huge golden dome, the intricate carpet designs (it has one of the largest Persian carpets in the world) and the spectacular prayer hall, which can hold up to 20,000 worshippers. Don’t miss the opportunity to visit this sacred place and admire its beauty.
Muttrah Souk
Dive into the bustling Muttrah Souk and discover a variety of treasures that capture the essence of Oman. Here, you can find exotic spices, aromatic perfumes, silver jewellery, traditional weaving, khanjar daggers and unique antiques. Local vendors will warmly welcome you, offering you the chance to practise your haggling skills as you explore the souk’s colourful alleyways. Be sure to also visit the nearby fish market, where giant tuna are auctioned, and wander through the alleyways of Mutrah, the oldest part of the city, discovering its traditional shops.
The Corniche
Enjoy a relaxing stroll along the Corniche, Muscat’s waterfront promenade offering stunning views of the Gulf of Oman and the city. Connecting the lively Port Sultan Qaboos to the 16th-century forts of Mirani and Jalali, its three kilometres of waterfront can be covered in about 40 minutes as you pass the famous fish market, the Muttrah souk and the Al Lawatiya Mosque, famous for its impressive golden-domed minaret. With its well-kept parks, such as Al Riyam, the golden Al Bustan beach and outdoor cafes, the Corniche is the ideal place to enjoy a picnic or simply relax while gazing out to sea, where you’ll spot dolphins if you’re lucky. Artistic sculptures and monuments add to the beauty of this delightful seaside promenade.
Royal Opera House
Immerse yourself in the world of art and culture at Muscat’s Royal Opera House, an impressive building of pink Omani desert stone and surrounded by gardens that was commissioned by Sultan Qaboos to be a centre of artistic excellence and a symbol of Oman’s rich cultural heritage. A beacon of contemporary Islamic architecture, the Royal Opera House is notable for its whitewashed colonnaded façade and gold-encrusted marble interiors. From opera and ballet performances to classical music concerts and dance shows, the Royal Opera House’s modern 1,100-seat auditorium offers a variety of cultural events that will delight art and music lovers of all ages.
Muttrah Fort
Muttrah Fort, built in the 16th century by the Portuguese on the site of an earlier structure, is a historic monument that has stood the test of time. Originally designed to protect Muscat harbour from naval attacks, the fort has witnessed a number of conflicts over the years. From clashes with the Ottomans to the invasion of the Persians, Muttrah Fort has been a bastion of defence and a symbol of Omani resistance. Although there’s not much to see at the fort, apart from the defensive walls and towers and some 18th-century cannons, the views of the old city and the Gulf are breathtaking.
National Museum
Immerse yourself in the fascinating history and culture of the Sultanate of Oman at the National Museum of Oman, which is home to an impressive collection of historical artefacts and interactive exhibits. From prehistoric relics to Islamic art and colonial-era artefacts, the museum offers a comprehensive overview of Oman’s complex history and how it developed over the centuries. In its rooms you’ll find silver ornaments, copper artefacts and an interesting naval display on Oman’s historic ships. The museum also houses an 8th-century letter attributed by Muslims to the Prophet Muhammad, in which he urges Oman’s rulers to spread the Islamic faith in the country. Don’t miss the opportunity to learn about Oman’s rich cultural diversity and unique heritage as you explore the museum’s galleries.
Where to eat
For an authentic dining experience, try the Bait Al Luban restaurant, where you can sample traditional Omani dishes such as majboos (rice with meat or fish) and saloona (chicken or lamb curry). Another option is the Kargeen restaurant, known for its cosy atmosphere and delicious Arab cuisine. Don’t miss the mezze (starter) dishes and grilled kebabs, which are a favourite with locals and visitors alike.
The surrounding area
Explore the stunning natural scenery surrounding Muscat, which includes beautiful beaches, spectacular mountains and charming traditional villages. Visit the nearby beaches of Qurum and Al Seeb to relax on white sand and swim in crystal-clear waters, or venture into the Al Hajar Mountains for hiking and breathtaking panoramic views. Also, don’t miss the opportunity to visit traditional villages such as Al Hamra and Misfat Al Abriyeen, where you can immerse yourself in the daily life and culture of rural Oman.
